超低場磁共振雙平面有源勻場線圈設計
首發時間:2017-12-27
摘要:超低場磁共振是目前便攜式醫學成像領域研究的熱門方向,超低場磁共振設備由于其主磁場量值很低(低于50mT),對靜態磁場均勻度提出了更高的要求,主磁場均勻度直接影響磁共振的信噪比。本文使用目標場法設計出有源勻場線圈,利用勻場線圈產生的微小磁場抵消主磁場中的不均勻分量,從而提高主磁場的均勻度。勻場對象是磁場強度為50mT,目標區域為200mm直徑的球形空間,首先使用正交球諧函數對永磁體磁場進行展開,分析其不均勻分量,其次使用目標場法建立勻場線圈電流密度分布與主磁場球諧展開項之間的對應數學關系,再用矩陣求逆解出相應階次的電流密度分布,最終利用流函數等值線離散法獲得勻場線圈的繞線分布。利用此方法本文設計出多組有源勻場線圈,對主磁場擾動最大的Z2-(X2+Y2)/2勻場線圈進行實驗驗證,結果顯示線圈實際產生的磁場與理論磁場相符,在線圈中通以1.4A電流時,磁場均勻度由174.4258ppm降至72.3911ppm。
關鍵詞: 電工理論與新技術;超低場磁共振;目標場法;雙平面勻場線圈
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The design of biplanar active shim coils for ultra low-field NMR
Abstract:The ultra low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a popular research topic in the field of portable medical imaging. Due to the low value of main magnetic field in the ultra low-field nuclear magnetic resonance device(lower than 50mT), a higher request to homogeneity of the magnet field has been put forward. The homogeneity of the magnet field impacts signal noise ratio (SNR) of nuclear magnetic resonance directly. An optimized target-field method is used to design bi-planar active shim coils, and the small magnetic field generated by the active shim coil can offset the inhomogeneous component of main magnetic field so that the homogeneity can be improved obviously. Shimming object is a spherical space with a diameter of 200mm where the magnetic field strength is 50mT. First, we analyse all inhomogeneous components of the permanent magnetic field which are expanded by the orthogonal spherical harmonic function. Second, mathematical expressions that relate the surface current distribution of shim coils to spherical harmonic terms in the magnetic field expansion are established by the optimized target-field method. And then a simple matrix inversion approach is used to obtain current distribution of shim coils. Last, an isoline discrete method with stream function was utilized to obtain the winding distribution on the coil plane. A range of active shim coils are designed by using this method, the verification experiment of Z2-(X2+Y2)/2 shim coil,which is the most inhomogeneous component of the permanent magnetic field, shows that the actual magnetic field produced by the coil agrees with the theoretical field, which can basically meet the design requirements.Magnetic field uniformity becomes 72.3911ppm from 174.4258ppm when the current of Z2-(X2+Y2)/2 shim coil is 1.4 A.
Keywords: Theory and New Technology of Electrical Engineering Ultra low-field NMR Target-field method Bi-planar shim coils
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